Time and frequency measurements, choice of frequencies of the electromagnetic spectrum, observation types, global reference frames, atmospheric influences, choice of orbital parameters, observation techniques for the three pillars of geodesy: the Earth's geometry, Earth's gravity field and Earth's rotation, the Global Geodetic Observing System (GGOS).
Objective
Importance of time and frequency measurements for Earth observation; knowledge of the most important observation types and the rational behind the selection of the observation frequencies; estimation of atmospheric effects; criteria for the choice of orbital elements for a satellite mission; knowledge of the basic concepts for the monitoring of the Earth's geometry, gravity field and rotation and their temporal changes.